What are three principles of physical aging?

What does “ADL problem” mean?

Discuss instrumental ADL problems and basic ADL problems. Give/recognize examples of each. Describe the frequency of each (among elder adults). Describe how they affect adults’ living arrangements.

How does SES relate to aging?

Some researchers argue that health and poverty have a bidirectional relationship. What does that mean? Give/recognize examples.

How does having close relationships relate to aging? What is the “Hispanic paradox”?

How does gender relate to aging? Explain some of the reasons or mechanisms for the gender gap in life expectancy between women and men.

What are three major ways to increase “healthy life years”? Which of these are at the personal level? At the societal level?

Describe some of the changes that can occur in vision in the older adult years.

Describe the interventions that people/families can do to help elders to see better.

Describe the relationship between people’s living environment and hearing loss.

Describe the interventions that people/families can do to help elders to hear better.

Discuss ways to prevent vision and hearing losses.

How does motor performance change in the elder adult years?

Describe the interventions that people/families can do to help elders to move around better/more safely.

Define and give/recognize examples of dementia. When does it strike? What does it do to people?

What are the two main causes of neurocognitive disorders (NCD)?

What are three activities that people should do earlier in the lifespan to prevent/delay NCD?

Where do people tend to die? Compare people in the developing world to those in developed countries.

Whom do nursing homes mainly serve?

How can hospice care be a part of the dying process?

What are Kubler-Ross’s five stages in response to imminent death? Name and briefly describe each.

What are three evidence-based critiques of Kubler-Ross’s theory of five stages of response to death?

Terms to define/understand

• Healthy-life years
• Cataracts
• Macular degeneration
• Glaucoma
• Reaction time
• Osteporosis
• Osteoarthritis
• Major neurocognitive disorder (NCD)
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Neurofibrillary tangles
• Senile plaques
• Nursing home/long-term-care facility
• Palliative care
• Hospice